Innovative Journal of Science (ISSN: 2714-3309)

TRACE SULPHATE DISTRIBUTION IN TAP WATER IN OGHARA AND ITS ENVIRONS

O.A. AGBINI, E. R. OHWOUDUE — Tue, 27 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

The purpose of this work is to determine the presence of sulphate in drinking tap water in Oghara and its environs. A total
of fifteen water samples were collected at three locations and were analysed for the presence of sulphate by using Uv/visible
spectrophotometer. The results of sulphate concentration from the various locations were in the range of 5.65 – 8.55, 3.25
– 8.50, 3.65 – 8.55, 4.26 – 8.15 and 3.44 – 5.60mg/L with corresponding means of 6.90, 6.07, 5.43, 5.61 and 4.61mg/L for
Oghara junction, Ibori road, Kpateghe road, Community road and Delsuth respectively. The concentrations of the sulphate
in the various locations were relatively low and therefore in conformity with National Environmental Standard and
Regulation Enforcement Agency and World Health Organization (WHO) limit of 250mg/L for portable water. The
difference in the various concentration thus reflects the kind of activities in the various areas. It was therefore recommended
that there should be regular monitoring of water in order to evaluate the toxic, logical significance of commonly used water
for drinking purpose

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS ON THE EFFECT OF TEST MARKETING ON NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY OF DELTA STATE POLYTECHNIC, OTEFE-OGHARA WATER FACTORY

L. UMUEMUFO, F.E. OMONZEJELE, O.G. OGBOGBO — Tue, 27 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

This paper investigates the effect of test marketing on new product development in Delta State Polytechnic, Otefe-Oghara Water Factory. The analysis was conducted using secondary data, which was official documents compiled by the establishment monthy, in order to investigate their progress margin. The analysis of the data was done through analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation and regression coefficients. The ANOVA was done on the obtained regression result in order to check its validity, regression analysis was in order to investigate the relationship between the variables in view, while the correlation was conducted to measure the strength of the relationship existing between the tested variables.

The results revealed that there is about 0.374 units increase in the monthly sales volume of DRINKAM (which is the brand name of the product) indicating the fact that test marketing has an impact on the new product development, however, the correlation revealed that there is a moderately strong relationship between test marketing and the product development, as it was calculated to be 0.651 i.e. 65.1%. On the contrary there was no significant relationship between product development and the cost of distribution of the new product. In the case of the ANOVA, the analysis revealed a considerable lower mean square error estimate, suggesting that the amount of variability accounted for by the regression model is greater compared to the variability not explained by the model. This finding indicates that the regression model is effective in explaining and predicting the sales outcome of the new products.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF AGBARHO SLAUGHTERHOUSE EFFLUENTS ON THE AGBARHO RIVER IN DELTA STATE, NIGERIA

F.O. OSIOBE, J.I. MBONU — Tue, 27 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

Direct discharge of waste effluents from slaughterhouses into bodies of water contributes significantly to poor water quality
and contamination in bodies of water. Using standard analytical methods, this study investigated the environmental impact
of Agbarho abattoir effluents on the Agbarho River in Delta State, Nigeria. The following parameters were studied and their
average mean values are as follows: Temperature (30 oC), pH (6.126), Turbidity (22.72 NTU), Conductivity (49.21 mg/l),
TSS (17.85 mg/l), TDS (32 mg/l), oil & grease (0.01 mg/l), DO (9.82mg/l), COD (161.3 mg/l), BOD (2.23 mg/l), total
acidity (8 mg/l), total alkalinity (12). The average mean values for the various analysed parameters were all within the
permissible limits, except for pH (6.125), turbidity (22.72 NTU), COD (161.3 mg/L), and Total Coliform (42.4 mg/L),
which were all above the permissible limits, indicating that the Agbarho River is moderately polluted with organic,
industrial, domestic, and septic waste. According to the study's findings, remediation of the Agbarho River, as well as
intervention of appropriate regulatory bodies (Environmental Protection Agency, Federal Ministry of Environment, and
others), is recommended to ensure the production of high quality treated final effluents by the abattoir industries in order to
protect and preserve the quality of our water bodies.

DATA MINING TECHNIQUES IN OPTIMIZING HEALTHCARE SYSTEM: STEPWISE REGRESSION APPROACH

J.O. UGAH, B. A. OBOTIVERE — Tue, 27 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

With the current advancement of the utility of data mining techniques in understanding events and aiding effective
prediction, this study was therefore motivated towards describing the factors influencing the widespread of COVID-19 in
Nigeria. This study covers data on the reported confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Nigeria. The intent was to evaluate the
possible relationship existing between the spread of the disease and population density, literacy rates and available health
facilities. The data used were therefore obtained from NCDC, National Bureau of Statistics. Literacy rate of the population
by UNESCO, prevalence of HIV/AIDS percentage by premium times and the Nigeria Health Facility Registry. The multiple
regression analysis and stepwise regression approaches were used in analyzing the data. Based on the findings of this study,
we therefore conclude that for areas investigated and examined, the spread of COVID-19 in Nigeria has nothing to do with
literacy rate and number of hospitals available instead, it is affected by population size of the locations. Based on the result
of the study, it is recommended that frequent hand sanitizing and use of face mask should be well enforced for effective
control of COVID – 19

STUDY ON SYNERGISTIC EFFECT BETWEEN THIOACETAMIDE AND ZN2+ ON MILD STEEL CORROSION IN ACIDIC MEDIUM

T.T. UZAH, J.I. MBONU, F.O. OSIOBE — Mon, 27 Jun 2022 00:00:00 +0100

Inhibition is the simplest mechanism used to mitigate the corrosion of metals and alloys, particularly in acidic environments. The goal of the current work is to investigate the synergistic effect of Zn2+ and thioacetamide on mild steel corrosion in 0.5 M sulphuric acid solution using gravimetric measurements. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination of the corresponding surfaces of mild steel was followed by quantum chemical calculations using density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP /6-31G+(d,p) and Monte Carlo simulation to confirm the experimental findings. According to the results, the tested compounds were successful, with the best corrosion inhibition values being 86.67 % and 98.33 % at a concentration of 0.00 M. The influence of temperature on the corrosion behavior of mild steel shows that the inhibitory efficiency of the inhibitors decreases with increasing temperature in the range of 298 to 328 K. Calculations based on thermodynamic evaluation proved that the adsorption mechanism is physisorption, which obeys by the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. SEM study reveals that the polished mild steel specimen with thioacetamide – Zn2+ as an inhibitor had a smoother surface than the polished specimen without the inhibitor. The results of the experiments were well correlated with DFT and Monte Carlo simulation investigations.

EVALUATION OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF WATER AND GILLS HEMATOLOGICALS IN TILAPIA JUVENILES EXPOSED TO NERIUM OLEANDER STEM BARK EXTRACTS.

O. AKPOBIRE, E.R. OHWODUE — Tue, 27 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

This study investigates the impact of Nerium oleander stem bark extract on the physico-chemical parameters of water and
the hematological parameters of gills in Tilapia juveniles (Oreochromis niloticus). Nerium oleander, a widely distributed
ornamental plant, contains toxic cardiac glycosides known to have adverse effects on terrestrial organisms. However, its
potential impact on aquatic ecosystems and fish health remains poorly understood. This research assesses changes in water
quality parameters (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, nitrate, and phosphate) and gill hematological parameters
(histopathology, cellular alterations, and oxidative stress markers) in Tilapia juveniles exposed to varying concentrations of
Nerium oleander stem bark ethanolic extract. The results reveal significant alterations in both water quality and gill health
of the fishes, emphasizing potential risks to aquatic ecosystems.

PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF CUCUMBER (CUCUMIS SATIVUS) FRUIT PEELS FROM OGHARA, DELTA STATE NIGERIA

E. R. OHWODUE, O. AKPOBIRE — Tue, 27 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

In Nigeria, Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is one of the commonly consumed fruits. It is often eaten as a raw vegetable
and as snacks by many people. Some individuals however discard the peels due to personal preferences. The study involved
the quantification of various phytochemical constituents and an assessment of the proximate composition of the cucumber
peels. The results show that cucumber fruit peels contain a diverse range of phytochemicals, including reducing sugars,
glycosides, terpenoids, polyphenols, saponins, cyanogenic glycosides, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and resins. These
phytochemicals have potential health benefits and can be harnessed and used in food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical
products. Quantitative phytochemical analysis of C. sativus fruit peels showed that reducing sugars (244.30 ± 1.00mg/g)
was highest amount when compared to other phytochemicals, while Anthocyanins (0.20±0.14mg/g) was the lowest in
quantity. The proximate analysis of cucumber fruit peels showed that they were high in moisture (92.45%) and crude fiber
(1.02%), and low in protein (2.39%), lipid (3.01%), carbohydrate (0.25%), and ash (0.88%).